Since the beginning, more than 93 universities across North America and 16,500 students have participated in AVTCs. Each year, 200-500 students join forces in AVTCs mission of educating the next generation of automotive engineers and advancing state-of-the-art fuels and vehicle technologies.
During HEV Challenge, 30 universities competed in 1992-1993, and 40 universities competed in the second year from 1993-1994, and 39 universities competed in 1994-1995. These universities spanned across the United States and Canada and include the following:
Alfred University
- Location: Alfred, New York
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort and
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisors: George Tannous and Joe Rosczikowski
California State Polytechnic University – Pomona
- Location: Pomona, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Thomas Banwell and Dennis Fitzgerald
California State Polytechnic University – San Luis Obispo
- Location: San Luis Obispo, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Safwat Mustafa
California State University – Chico
- Location: Chico, California
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisors: Charles Allen and Ron Hall
California State University – Fresno
- Location: Fresno, California
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Faculty Advisor: Les Aldrich
California State University – Northridge
- Location: Northridge, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Tim Fox and Phyllis Russel
Cedarville College
- Location: Cedarville, Ohio
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: M85
Colorado School of Mines
- Location: Golden, Colorado
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: M85 and Ethanol (1994-1995)
- Faculty Advisor: Chuck Allport, Chris Braun, and David Munoz
Colorado State University
- Location: Fort Collins, Colorado
- Years: 1992-1993
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: C. Byron Winn
Concordia University
- Location: St. Paul, Minnesota
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort and Dodge Neon
- Fuel: Gasoline and CNG (1994-1995)
- Faculty Advisor: Tadeusz Krepec
Cornell University
- Location: Ithaca, New York
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Richard Warkentin
Ecole de Technologie Superieure
- Location: Montreal, Quebec
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Anh Dung Ngo
GMI Engineering and Management Institute
- Location: Flint, Michigan
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisors: Colin Jordan, Mark Thompson, and Massud Tavakoli
Illinois Institute of Technology
- Location: Chicago, Illinois
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisor: Francisco Ruiz
Jordan Energy Institute
- Location: Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Paul Zellar and Jim Keyzer
Lawrence Technological University
- Location: Southfield, Michigan
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty: Charles Schwartz, Dr. Brancik, Dr. Anneberg, and Dr. Johnson
Michigan State University
- Location: Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: John Gerrish and Elisa Strangas
New York Institute of Technology
- Location: New York, New York
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Professor Beheshti and Edward Urban
Pennsylvania State University
- Location: University Park, Pennsylvania
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Kon-Well Wang, Brian Gilmore, and Jeff Mayer
Seattle University
- Location: Seattle, Washington
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Ray Murphy and Jack Mattingly
Stanford University
- Location: Stanford, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Martin Hellman and Reginald Mitchell
Texas A&M University
- Location: College Station, Texas
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
Texas Tech University
- Location: Lubbock, Texas
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort and Dodge Neon
- Fuel: Ethanol and CNG (1994-1995)
- Faculty Advisors: Dr. Jones, Dr. Maxwell, Dr. Parten, and Dr. Ernst
U.S. Naval Academy
- Location: Annapolis, Maryland
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisors: Greg Davis, Frank Madeka, Gary Hodges, and Gerald Ballman
University of Alberta, Edmonton
- Location: Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: David Checkel
University of British Columbia
- Location: Vancouver, British Columbia
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
University of California – Davis
- Location: Davis, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicles: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Andy Frank
University of California- Irvine
- Location: Irvine, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: Roland Schinzinger
University of California – Santa Barbara
- Location: Santa Barbara, California
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisors: Nick DiNapoli and Dr. Bothman
University of Connecticut
- Location: Storrs, Connecticut
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
University of Florida
- Location: Gainesville, Florida
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
University of Idaho and Washington State University
- Location: Moscow, Idaho
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisors: Dean Edwards, Dr. de Sam Lazaro, and Charles Pezeshki
University of Illinois at Chicago
- Location: Chicago, Illinois
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Faculty Advisors: Robert White and Phil Klein
University of Illinois, Urbana
- Location: Urbana, Illinois
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisor: Robert White
University of Maryland
- Location: College Park, Maryland
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: David Holloway
University of Michigan – Ann Arbor
- Location: Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
- Location: Knoxville, Tennessee
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up and Dodge Neon
- Fuel: Gasoline and CNG (1994-1995)
- Faculty Advisors: Dr. Adams, John Snyder, Jeff Hodgson, Fred Symonds, and Lori Snook
University of Texas, Arlington
- Location: Arlington, Texas
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Robert Woods
University of Texas, Austin
- Location: Austin, Texas
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Matt hall
University of Texas, El Paso
- Location: El Paso, Texas
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
University of Tulsa
- Location: Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ground Up
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: John Henshaw
University of Western Ontario
- Location: London, Ontario
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisors: Dr. Singh and Dr. Adamiak
University of Wisconsin
- Location: Madison, Wisconsin
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: John Moskwa and Wayne Milestone
Virginia Tech
- Location: Blacksburg, Virginia
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG
Washington University – St. Louis
- Location: St. Louis, Missouri
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Ethanol
- Faculty Advisor: Richard Rabbitt and Theodosis Korakianitis
Wayne State University
- Location: Detroit, Michigan
- Years: 1992-1993, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline and M85 (1994-1995)
- Faculty Advisor: Jerome Meisel
Weber State University, Ogden
- Location: Ogden, Utah
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Faculty Advisor: David Erb, Kerry Tobin, Kermit Reister, Rick Dore, and Dolly Samson
Wentworth Institute of Technology
- Location: Boston, Massachusetts
- Years: 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisors: Peter Philliou and Richard Riels
West Virginia University
- Location: Morgantown, West Virginia
- Years: 1992-1993, 1993-1994, 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Ford Escort
- Fuel: M85
- Faculty Advisor: Parviz Famouri, Chris Atkinson, and Roy Nutter
Western Michigan University
- Location: Kalamazoo, Michigan
- Years: 1993-1994
- Vehicle: Saturn Sedan
- Faculty Advisors: Richard Hathaway and James McCarthy
Western Washington University
- Location: Bellingham, Washington
- Years: 1994-1995
- Vehicle: Dodge Neon
- Fuel: CNG